Red Ruthenia Totally Explained

Everything about Red Ruthenia totally explained

Red Ruthenia (Polish: Ruś Czerwona, Latin: Ruthenia Rubra or Russia Rubra) is the name used since medieval times to refer to the area known as Eastern Galicia prior to World War I.
Ethnographers explain that the term was applied from the old-Slavonic use of colours for the cardinal points on the compass. The ancient totem-god Svitovyd had four faces. The northern face of this totem was white (hence Byelorus), the western face red (hence Chervona Rus'), the southern black and the eastern green (hence Zelenyj klyn). This makes the placement of Black Ruthenia problematic.
Some Ukrainian historians dispute the validity of the prefix "Red", considering it an unhistorical invention of Polish nationalism aiming at dividing Ruthenia.

History

Originally it was related to a certain territory between Western Bug and Wieprz rivers. Its name derived from Cherven ("Cherv" means "red" in Slavic languages), a gord that existed there, possibly in the present village of Czermno..
This area was mentioned for the first time in 981, when Vladimir the Great, Rus Grand Prince, took the area over during his western campaign. In 1018 it was annexed by Poland, 1031 back to Rus. It came under Polish control once more in 1340, when Casimir III of Poland recovered it. Since these times the name Ruś Czerwona is recorded, translated as "Red Ruthenia", applied to a territory extended up to the Dniester River, with priority gradually transferred to Przemysl (Peremyshl). Since the times of Władyslaw Jagiełło, the Przemysl Voivodeship was called the Ruthenian Voivodeship ("województwo ruskie"), with the priority eventually transferred to Lviv (Lvov). It consisted of five lands: Lviv, Sanok, Halych (Galich), Przemysl (Peremyshl), and Cholm (Kholm). The city of Galich gave the name to Galicia.
Between World War I and World War II this belonged to the Second Polish Republic. Presently, this area is split. The Western part is the area of Eastern Poland around Przemysl, the Eastern part (around Lviv) is a part of Western Ukraine.

Administrative division (14th century-1772)

The Ruthenian Voivodeship

Chełm Land (Ziemia Chełmska), Chełm
- Chełm County, (Powiat Chełmski), Chełm
- Powiat of Krasnystaw, (Powiat Krasnystawski), Krasnystaw
- Powiat of Ratno, (Powiat Ratneński), Ratno
Halicz Land (Ziemia Halicka), Halicz
- Powiat of Halicz, (Powiat Halicki), Halicz
- Kolomyja County, (Powiat Kołomyjski), Kołomyja
- Trembowla County, (Powiat Trembowelski), Trembowla
Lwów Land (Ziemia Lwowska), Lwów
- Powiat of Lwów, (Powiat Lwowski), Lwów
- Powiat of Żydaczów, (Powiat Żydaczowski), Żydaczów
Przemyśl Land (Ziemia Przemyska), Przemyśl
- Powiat of Przemyśl (Powiat Przemyski), Przemyśl
- Powiat of Sambor, (Powiat Samborski), Sambor
- Powiat of Drohobycz, (Powiat Drohobycki), Drohobycz
- Powiat of Stryj, (Powiat Stryjski), Stryj
Sanok Land (Ziemia Sanocka), Sanok
- Sanok County (Powiat Sanocki), Sanok

The Bełz Voivodeship

Belz County, (Powiat Bełzski), Bełz

Grabowiec County, (Powiat Grabowiecki), Grabowiec

Horodlo County, (Powiat Horodelski), Horodło

Lubaczów County, (Powiat Lubaczowski), Lubaczów

Busk Land, (Ziemia Buska), BuskFurther Information

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